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The was a Japanese samurai clan descended from the Seiwa Genji.〔Papinot, Jacques. (2003). (''Nobiliare du Japon'' – Ogasawara, pp. 44–45; ) Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon.'' (in French/German).〕 The Ogasawara acted as ''shugo'' (governors) of Shinano province in the medieval period (c. 1185–1600), and as ''daimyō'' (feudal lords) of territories on Kyūshū during the Edo period (1600–1867). During the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the clan controlled Shinano province, while related clans controlled the provinces of Awa, Bizen, Bitchū, Iwami, Mikawa, Tōtōmi and Mutsu. According to some theories, the Miyoshi clan and the Mizukami clan were descendants of the Ogasawara clan. The clan developed a number of schools of martial arts during this period, known as Ogasawara-ryū, and contributed to the codification of bushido etiquette.〔( Ogasawara karaetendo (CA); ) ( Ogasawara karaetendo (GA). )〕 Towards the end of the Sengoku period (late 16th century), the clan opposed both Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu. During the Edo period, the Ogasawara were identified as one of the ''fudai'' or insider ''daimyō'' clans which were hereditary vassels or allies of the Tokugawa,〔Alpert, Georges. (1888). ( ''Ancien Japon,'' p.75. )〕 in contrast with the ''tozama'' or outsider clans. ==Ogasawara clan branches== The ''fudai'' Ogasawara clan originated in 12th century Shinano province.〔 They claim descent from Takeda Yoshikiyo and the Seiwa-Genji.〔 Broadly, there are two genealogical lines of the Ogasawara, the Matsuo and the Fukashi, each of which identify places in Shinano. The Matsuo line gave rise to the Ogasawara of Echizen, and the Fukashi line is ultimately established at the Ogasawara of Bunzen.〔Varley, Paul. (1967). ( ''The Onin War: History of Its Origins and Background with a Selective Translation of the Chronicle of Ōnin, '' p. 81 n23. )〕 The great grandson of Yoshikiyo, Nagakiyo, was the first to take the name Ogasawara. The area controlled by his descendants grew to encompass the entire province of Shinano.〔Papinot, ( p. 44. )〕 Nagakiyo's grandson, Ogawawara Hidemasa (1569–1615), served Ieyasu; and in 1590, Hidemasa received Koga Domain (20,000 ''koku'') in Shimōsa province. In 1601, Ieyasu transferred Hidemasa to Iida Domain (50,000 ''koku'') in Shinano; then, in 1613, he was able to return to the home of his forebears, Fukashi Castle (80,000 ''koku''),〔 now known as Matsumoto Castle.〔Rowthorn, Chris. (2005). ( ''Japan,'' p. 245; ) (Wa-pedia web site )〕 The branches of the ''fudai'' Ogasawara clan include the following: * The senior branch of the Ogasawara from the beginning were ''daimyō'' at Fukashi; then, in 1617, the ''daimyō'' was transferred to Akashi Domain (120,000 ''koku'') in Harima province. In the years spanning 1632 through 1868, the descendants of this branch of the Ogasawara were ''daimyō'' at Kokura Domain (150,000 ''koku'')〔Papinot, ( p. 45; ) ( "Kokura Castle," ''Kitakyushu Bridges,'' p. 2; ) ( Kokura Castle. )〕 in Buzen province.〔 The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in 1884.〔("Nobility, Peerage and Ranks in Ancient and Meiji-Japan," p. 21. )〕 * A cadet branch of the Ogasawara were ''daimyō'' at Chizuka Domain (10,000 ''koku'')〔Papinot, ( p. 45. )〕 in Buzen province up through the Meiji Restoration. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period. * A cadet branch of the Ogasawara were ''daimyō'' in 1617 at Tatsuno Domain in Harima province; and in 1632, they were transferred as ''daimyō'' at Nakatsu Domain in Buzen province. In the period spanning the years 1716 through 1868, the descendants of this branch of the Ogasawara were ''daimyō'' at Anshi Domain (10,000 ''koku'')〔 in Harima province.〔 The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period. * A cadet branch of the Ogasawara were ''daimyō'' in 1632 at Kizuki Domain in Bungo province; in 1645 at Yoshida Domain in Mikawa province; in 1697 at Iwatsuki Domain in Musashi province; in 1711 at Kakegawa Domain in Tōtōmi province; and in 1747 at Tanakura Domain in Mutsu province. Finally, in the years spanning 1817 through 1868, the descendants of this branch of the Ogasawara were ''daimyō'' at Karatsu Domain (60,000 ''koku'')〔 in Hizen province.〔 The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period. * A cadet branch of the Ogasawara claim a line of descent from Takeda Yoshikiyo and also descent from Ogasawara Sadamune who had joined Nitta Yoshisada in overthrowing the Hōjō at Kamakura in the 14th century. This same Sadamune had been a general under Ashikaga Takauji.〔Varley, ( p. 80 n21. )〕 This branch of the Ogasawara were established in 1590 at Honjō Domain in Musashi province; in 1608 at Koga Domain in Shimōsa province; in 1619 at Sekiyado Domain in Shimōsa province; and in 1637 at Takasu Domain in Mino Province. In the years spanning 1691 through 1868, this branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō at Katsuyama (22,000 ''koku'')〔Papinot, ( p. 45; ) ( Kitakyushu, Journal of Occupational Health – Ogasawara bone sample spectrometry )〕 in Echizen province.〔 The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ogasawara clan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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